The Effect of Perceived Value, Trust, and Commitment in the Consumer Decision-Making Process: A Study of Indonesian Small Enterprises in E-Commerce
1Najma Asshiddiqie, 2Harimukti Wandebori, 3Teresa Freiburghaus
1,2Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
3University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern, Olten, Switzerland
https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v8-i5-45
ABSTRACT:
The rapid growth of e-commerce in Indonesia has created new opportunities and challenges for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), transforming how consumers interact with businesses. Despite the significant rise, there is limited research focused on the influence of perceived value, trust, and commitment on consumer decision-making in SME e-commerce, especially in the Indonesian context. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 300 e-commerce consumers and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that Commitment plays a crucial role in influencing consumers’ Purchase Decision and Post-Purchase Evaluation, underscoring its impact in building loyalty and driving repeat behavior. Additionally, Trust consistently supports consumer engagement across multiple decision stages, reinforcing its role as a strategic asset for SMEs. These findings emphasize the need for SMEs to cultivate trust and foster long-term commitment as key levers for enhancing consumer decision quality, increasing satisfaction, and sustaining competitiveness in dynamic market environments. The study also contributes to the growing literature on consumer behavior in emerging markets and offers practical implications for digital marketing strategies in Indonesian SMEs.
KEYWORDS:
Consumer Decision-Making Process (CDMP), E-commerce, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Trust-Commitment Theory, Perceived Value, Consumer Behavior
REFERENCES:
1) Alkhalil, F., Zhuang, Y., Mursi, T., & Aseeri, A.(2024). Game-Theory-Based Analysis of Key Factors Influencing Saudi Consumer Trust in E-commerce. 2024 International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/HORA61326.2024.10550488
2) Antonio, López Peláez & Marcuello, Chaime. (2018). e-Social work and digital society: re-conceptualizing approaches, practices and technologies. European Journal of Social Work. 21. 801-803. 10.1080/13691457.2018.1520475.
3) Awasthy, D., Banerjee, A., & Banerjee, B. (2012). Understanding the role of prior product knowledge to information search:An application of process theory to the Indian market. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 24(2), 257–287. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555851211218057
4) Bank Indonesia. Sinergi Memperkuat Ketahanan dan Kebangkitan Ekonomi Nasional. (2023). PTBI Report.
5) Bouhassine, I. (2013). L’influence des actes engageants sur le comportement d’achat: Cas des clients d’un supermarché. Creating Global Competitive Economies: 2020 Vision Planning and Implementation - Proceedings of the 22nd International Business Information Management Association Conference, IBIMA 2013, 3, 822–831. Scopus.
6) Budiarto, D. S., Prabowo, M. A., & Azman, N. B. (2023). Evaluating the Important Role of Women in Maintaining the Sustainability of SMEs. Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, 11(2), 180–193. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.18080/JTDE.V11N2.664
7) Cazier, J. A., Shao, B. B. M., & Louis, R. D. S. (2007). Sharing information and building trust through value congruence. Information Systems Frontiers, 9(5), 515–529. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-007-9051-6
8) Celuch, K. G., Longfellow, T. A., & Slama, M. E. (2015). Antecedents of Involvement and Perceived Purchase Risk: Better Understanding the Consumer Involvement Profile. In Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science (pp. 21–26). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13248-8_5
9) Cengiz Toklu, M. (2017). Determination of customer loyalty levels by using fuzzy MCDM approaches. 132(3), 650–654. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.132.650
10) Chatzoglou, P., & Chatzoudes, D. (2016). Factors affecting e-business adoption in SMEs: An empirical research. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 29(3), 327–358. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-03-2014-003
11) Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
12) Chong, B., & Wong, M. (2005). Crafting an effective customer retention strategy: A review of halo effect on customer satisfaction in online auctions. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 2(1), 12–26. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMED.2005.006021
13) Codignola, F., Capatina, A., Lichy, J., & Yamazaki, K. (2021). Customer information search in the context of e-commerce: A cross-cultural analysis. European Journal of International Management, 16(1), 28–59. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2021.116707
14) Coordinating minister Airlangga: Government continues to encourage strengthening economic foundations by establishing digital transformation of MSMES as one of the priorities - kementerian Koordinator Bidang perekonomian Republik Indonesia. (2023). https://ekon.go.id/publikasi/detail/4065/coordinating-minister-airlangga-government-continues-to-encourage-strengthe ning-economic-foundations-by-establishing-digital-transformation-of-msmes-as-one-of-the-priorities
15) Decrop, A. (2009). The formation of destination choice sets: An interpretive approach. In Advances in Tourism Destination Marketing: Managing Networks (pp. 183–194). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203874127-2
16) Demirgüneş, B. K. (2015). Relative importance of perceived value, satisfaction and perceived risk on willingness to pay more. International Review of Management and Marketing, 5(4), 211–220. Scopus.
17) Ebrahim, R. S., Ghoneim, A., Irani, Z., & Fan, Y. (2016). A brand preference and repurchase intention model: The role of consumer experience. Journal of Marketing Management, 32(13–14),1230–1259. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2016.1150322
18) Elmadag, A. B., & Peneklioglu, O. (2018). Developing brand loyalty among SMEs: Is communication the key? Small Enterprise Research, 25(3), 239–256. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2018.1522271
19) Engel, J.F., Blackwell, R.D. and Miniard, P.W. 1995. Consumer Behavior, 8th, Orlando: The Dryden Press.
20) Etikan, I. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5, 1-4. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304339244_Comparison_of_Convenience_Sampling_and_Purposive_Sampling. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
21) Geneste, L., & Galvin, P. (2013). Trust and knowledge acquisition by small and medium-sized firms in weak client–firm exchange relationships. International Small Business Journal, 33(3),277-298. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242613497379 (Original work published 2015)
22) Goutam, D., & Gopalakrishna, B. V. (2018). Customer loyalty development in online shopping: An integration of e-service quality model and commitment-trust theory. Management Science Letters, 8(11), 1149–1158. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2018.8.009
23) Hamed Omar, H. F., & Elmansori, M. M. (2021). An empirical analysis investigating the adoption of e-commerce in Libyan small-medium enterprises. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 37(1), 106–123. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIS.2021.115065
24) Handriana, T. (2016). The Role of Relationship Marketing in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Jurnal Pengurusan 48(2016) 137 – 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2016-48-11
25) Harini, S., Pranitasari, D., Said, M., & Endri, E. (2023). Determinants of SME performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(1), 471–481. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.40
26) Houcheimi, A., & Mezei, J. (2024). The Role of Online Product Information in Enabling Electronic Retail/E-tailing. 987 LNNS, 181–190. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60221-4_18
27) Indiani & Febriandari (2021). Key antecedents of consumer purchasing behaviour in emerging online retail market. Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 1978370-197.
28) Ismail, M. D., Alam, S. S., & Hamid, R. A. (2017). Trust, commitment, and competitive advantage in export performance of SMEs. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 19(1), 1–18. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.22680
29) Kaabi, S., & Jallouli, R. (2019). Overview of E-commerce Technologies, Data Analysis Capabilities and Marketing Knowledge. 358, 183–193. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30874-2_14
30) Kilay, A. L., Simamora, B. H., & Putra, D. P. (2022). The Influence of E-Payment and E-Commerce Services on Supply Chain Performance: Implications of Open Innovation and Solutions for the Digitalization of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030119
31) Kim, J., & Wansink, B. (2012). How Retailers’ Recommendation and Return Policies Alter Product Evaluations. Journal of Retailing, 88(4), 528–541. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2012.04.004
32) Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. Guildford Press.
33) Kotler, P. and Keller, K.L. (2012) Marketing Management. 14th Edition, Pearson Education
34) Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management (14th edition). Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House.
35) Lauraeus-Niinivaara, T. (2010). Uncertainty is the Other Side of the Coin of Information Online Search. 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1-10.
36) Lee, C.-H. and Wu, J.J. (2017), "Consumer online flow experience: The relationship between utilitarian and hedonic value, satisfaction and unplanned purchase", Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 117 No. 10, pp. 2452-2467. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-11-2016-0500
37) Lee, J. J., & Ma, Z. (2022). How do consumers choose offline shops on online platforms? An investigation of interactive consumer decision processing in diagnosis-and-cure markets. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 16(2), 277–291. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-03-2020-0046
38) Lestari, Y.D., Firdiansyah, Y., Ulfa, V.M. (2024). Implementation of Digital Transformation in Meatball MSMEs Malang City. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): May 2024, 87–96.
39) Liao, Y.-K., Dao, T. C., Chi, H.-K., & Leakna, S. (2022). Investigating the Impact of Firm and User-Generated Social Media Communication on Brand Equity, Brand Trust, and the Post-Purchase Behavior: The Moderating Role of Brand Experience. International Journal of Information and Management Sciences, 33(1), 77–93. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.6186/IJIMS.202212_33(1).0005
40) Ma, Y., Liu, L., Zhang, H., Wang, C., & Wang, Z. (2023). Generative adversarial network based on semantic consistency for text-to-image generation. Applied Intelligence, 53(4), 4703–4716. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03660-8
41) Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58(3), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800302
42) Mukherjee, A., & Nath, P. (2007). Role of electronic trust in online retailing: A re-examination of the commitment-trust theory. European Journal of Marketing, 41(9–10), 1173–1202. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560710773390
43) Müller, S., Schwehm, S., Hewig, J., & Paelecke, M. (2020). Influence of trust-enhancing signals on signal processing in B2C E-commerce.26th Americas Conference on Information Systems, AMCIS 2020.Scopus. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85097717240&partnerID=40&md5=ec1183c2135f2edb008c701 e5e932128
44) Park, J., Gunn, F., & Han, S.-L. (2012). Multidimensional trust building in e-retailing: Cross-cultural differences in trust formation and implications for perceived risk. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 19(3), 304–312. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2012.03.003
45) Petcharat, T., & Leelasantitham, A. (2021). A retentive consumer behavior assessment model of the online purchase decision-making process. Heliyon, 7(10), e08169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08169
46) Putri, L., Aini, A., Solekah, M., Istiqomah., D. (2023). Exploring E-Commerce Adoption in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) using the Technology Acceptance Model. International Journal of Business and Economics. https://doi.org/10.30596/ijbe.v5i1.16262
47) Ramdansyah, A. D., & Taufik, H. E. R. (2017). Adoption model of E-commerce from SMEs perspective in developing country evidence – Case study for Indonesia. European Research Studies Journal, 20(4), 227–243. Scopus.
48) Reijonen, H., & Laukkanen, T. (2010). Customer relationship oriented marketing practices in SMEs. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 28(2), 115–136. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634501011029646
49) Roso, V., Woxenius, J. and Lumsden, K. (2009) The Dry Port Concept: Connecting Container Sea Ports with the Hinterland. Journal of Transport Geography, 17, 338-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2008.10.008
50) Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
51) Sanny, L., Angelina, V. and Christian, B.B. (2021). Innovation of SME service industry in Indonesia in improving customer satisfaction. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 351-370. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-03-2020-0056
52) Schultze, T., Pfeiffer, F., & Schulz-Hardt, S. (2012). Biased information processing in the escalation paradigm: Information search and information evaluation as potential mediators of escalating commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(1), 16–32. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024739
53) Sfenrianto, S., Wibowo, A., Barnawi, A., & Maulidevi, N. U. (2018). Determinant factors of SMEs in adopting e-commerce in Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), 260–265. Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/icimtech-18.2018.25.
54) Sheth, J.N., Newman, B.I. and Gross, B.L. (1991). Why we buy what we buy: a theory of consumption values, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 159-70.
55) Shin, D., & Darpy, D. (2020). Rating, review and reputation: How to unlock the hidden value of luxury consumers from digital commerce? Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 35(10), 1553–1561. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-01-2019-0029
56) Suherna, S., & Nasiatin, T. (2024). Relationship between Customer Management Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and Marketing Performance in Banten. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v5i1.2005
57) Sweeney, J. C., & Soutar, G. N. (2001). Consumer perceived value: The development of a multiple item scale. Journal of Retailing, 77(2), 203–220. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(01)00041-0
58) The SMERU Research Institute. Bangkit dan Berjuang Potret Kondisi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Indonesia. Report. 2023
59) Thompson, D. V., Hamilton, R. W., & Petrova, P. K. (2009). When mental simulation hinders behavior: The effects of process-oriented thinking on decision difficulty and performance. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(4), 562–574. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1086/599325
60) Tirtana, N., Saputra, E., & Wahyudi, R. D. (2022). The impact of e-commerce adoption factors on the growth of MSMEs e-commerce sales in Jabodetabek area, Indonesia. Journal of Economics, Business, and Entrepreneurship (JEBE), 11(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.26418/jebe.v11i1.185
61) Wahyuni, F., & Aprilia, M. P. (2019). The process of innovation adoption by the use of e-commerce marketing application: Case study on Indonesia small medium enterprise community. 751–756. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/CCOMS.2019.882167
62) Wandoko, W., Abbas, B. S., Budiastuti, D., & Kosala, R. (2017). Online trust building through third party trust transfer and third party protection. 801(1). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/801/1/012060
63) Wang, W., & Chen, R. (2012). How to Retain Your Customers: The Impact of Consumer Trust and Commitment in E-marketplaces. 133–143.Scopus.https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85017281060&partnerID=40&md5=02c9335f0b2ecd9df2d084f2 f07a55c9
64) Wang, Y., Cai, X., Xu, C., & Li, J. (2021). Rise of the machines: Examining the influence of professional service robots attributes on consumers’ experience. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 12(4), 609–623. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-10-2020-0262
65) Xiao, S., & Tian, J. (2014). A study of value-based consumer behavior under an E-business environment. 343–350. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40060-5 33
66) Yang, L., & Aggarwal, P. (2019). No Small Matter: How Company Size Affects Consumer Expectations and Evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 45, 1369-1384. https://doi.org/10.1093/JCR/UCY042.
67) Yoon, Cheolho & Kim, Sanghoon. (2007). Convenience and TAM in a ubiquitous computing environment: The case of wireless LAN. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications. 6. 102-112. 10.1016/j.elerap.2006.06.009.
68) You, Y., Hu, Y., Yang, W., & Cao, S. (2022). Research on the Influence Path of Online Consumers’ Purchase Decision Based on Commitment and Trust Theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.916465
69) Zeithaml, V.A. (1988), “Consumer perceptions of price, quality and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 52 No. 3, pp. 2-22
70) Zhang, H., Dongyu, C., & Ruofan, S. (2010). The study of consumer trust in C2C e-commerce based on reputation score, information disclosure, online consumer review quality. 184–187. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMeCG.2010.46
71) Zikmund, W. C., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin, M. (2013). Business Research Methods. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning Custom Publishing.
72) Zuniarti, I., Yuniasih, I., Martana, I. K., Setyaningsih, E. D., Susilowati, I. H., Pramularso, E. Y., & Astuti, D. (2021). The effect of the presence of e-commerce on consumer purchasing decisions. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 5(3), 479–484. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2021.3.005


