The Fiscal Space for Health in Vietnam: Challenges from Population Aging
1Duc Trong Pham, 2Ngoc Khanh Thai, 3Thi Hai Anh Nguyen
1University of Labour and Social Affairs, Hanoi, Vietnam
2SNV Netherlands Development Organization in Vietnam
3University of Labour and Social Affairs, Hanoi, Vietnam (Student of class D16BH1)
https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i5-37
ABSTRACT:
Vietnam's population is aging, leading to a higher proportion of elderly individuals. Despite significant health financing reforms, But changes in epidemiology, demographics, and growing demand for health care will continue to put pressure on health spending. This paper examines the fiscal space for health in Vietnam amidst population aging by analyzing data from 2009 to 2020. Findings reveal that healthcare resources have not kept pace with the escalating demands due to the aging of Vietnam's population faster than forecast. Total health expenditure as a percentage of GDP shows this clear increase. Private healthcare spending, particularly out-of-pocket expenses, is on the rise. Spending from the health insurance fund also increases every year,, placing future burdens on young workers. In addition, the State budget allocations for healthcare have also grown, but economic growth will compensate for this shortfall.
KEYWORDS:
out of pocket expenditure; state budget; population aging; health insurance fund; health financing; total health expenditure.
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