The Innovation of Products and Services of Islamic Banks in Indonesia: the Optimal Role of Sharia Supervisory Board in The Industry 5.0 Era
1Rubai Ahmad Munawar, 2Priyo Prakoso, 3Urwatul Wusqo
1Universitas Hamzanwadi, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia
2Lembaga Perbankan Indonesia, Kemang Raya, Jakarta, Indonesia
3Universitas Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak, Terengganu, Malaysia
https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i4-34
ABSTRACT:
The innovation of banking products and services has seen significant growth. However, the pace of innovation in product and service offerings within Islamic banking has been comparatively slower. Make it a challenge for Islamic banking, particularly the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB), to fulfill a dynamic role. The research aims to enhance the role of the SSB in encouraging innovation in Islamic banks, particularly in the context of the industrial era 5.0. The study employs a qualitative method with ethnographic techniques, including observations and interviews with stakeholders such as the SSB, Islamic bank employees, customers, and academics. The research findings indicate that the performance of Islamic banking has improved, but it needs to be more innovative to compete in the industrial era 5.0. This can be achieved by increasing the development of products and services, such as e-money, that have high bargaining power. The role of the SSB in Islamic banking must be more optimal, involving improving the quality and quantity of human resources, issuing opinions on needed products and services, conducting continuous monitoring, and strengthening detailed supervision. Furthermore, SSB and Islamic banking must synergize with each other in improving products and services to remain competitive in the industrial era 5.0. The study concluded that the optimal role of SSB plays an important role in driving innovation in Islamic banking.
KEYWORDS:
Innovation, products, services, SSB, Islamic Banking
REFERENCES:
1) A. Djazuli. (2007). Kaidah-Kaidah Fikih. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.
2) Abasimel, N. A. (2023). Islamic Banking and Economics: Concepts and Instruments, Features, Advantages, Differences from Conventional Banks, and Contributions to Economic Growth. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 14(2), 1923–1950. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-022-00940-z
3) Abduh, M., & Azmi Omar, M. (2012). Islamic banking and economic growth: the Indonesian experience. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 5(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391211216811
4) Abdullah, M. (2018). Waqf, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and maqasid al-shariah. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(1), 158–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-10-2016-0295
5) Ahmad, A., Kashif-ur-Rehman, & Afzal, H. and A. (2011). Islamic banking and prohibition of Riba/interest. African Journal of Business Management, 5(5), 1763–1767. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM10.723
6) Ahmed, H. (2014). Islamic Banking and Shari’ah Compliance: A Product Development Perspective. Journal of Islamic Finance, 3(2), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.12816/0025102
7) Aishath Muneeza, Ismail Wisham, R. H. (2010). The Paradox Struggle Between the Islamic and Conventional Banking Systems. Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, 1(2), 188.
8) Akbar, S., Zulfiqar Ali Shah, S., & Kalmadi, S. (2012). An investigation of user perceptions of Islamic banking practices in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 5(4), 353–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391211282845
9) Al-Salem, F. H. (2009). Islamic financial product innovation. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 2(3), 187–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538390910986326
10) Al Mannai, M., & Ahmed, H. (2019). Exploring the workings of Shari’ah supervisory board in Islamic finance: A perspective of Shari’ah scholars from GCC. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance (Vol. 74). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2018.05.017
11) Alam, M. K., Ab Rahman, S., Tabash, M. I., Thakur, O. A., & Hosen, S. (2021). Shariah supervisory boards of Islamic banks in Bangladesh: expected duties and performed roles and functions. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(2), 258–275. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-02-2020-0035
12) Alam, M. K., & Miah, M. S. (2021). Independence and effectiveness of Shariah supervisory board of Islamic banks: evidence from an emerging economy. Asian Review of Accounting, 29(2), 173–191. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-01-2020-0005
13) Ali, L., Ali, A., business, H. K.-I. review of management and, & 2013, undefined. (2013). Comparison of Islamic and Conventional Banking on the Basis of Riba and Services: A case study of Peshawar Region. Citeseer, 2306–9007. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.680.8412&rep=rep1&type=pdf
14) Aribi, Z. A., Arun, T., & Gao, S. (2019). Accountability in Islamic financial institution: The role of the Shari’ah supervisory board reports. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 10(1), 98–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-10-2015-0049
15) Arsyianti, L. D. (2010). the Role of Shariah Supervisory Board in Islamic Financial Industry (Case Study: Iran, Malaysia, and Indonesia). Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Al-Infaq, 1(1), 61–79.
16) Awais Ahmad Tipu, S. (2014). Employees’ involvement in developing service product innovations in Islamic banks: An extension of a concurrent staged model. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 24(1), 85–108. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCoMA-09-2013-0095
17) Azhar Rosly, S. (2010). Shariah parameters reconsidered. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 3(2), 132–146. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391011054372
18) Baklouti, I. (2022). Is the Sharia supervisory board a friend or an enemy of Islamic banks? Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(2), 526–541. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2020-0118
19) Bauer, J. M. (2010). Regulation, public policy, and investment in communications infrastructure. Telecommunications Policy, 34(1–2), 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2009.11.011
20) Binnewies, C., Ohly, S., & Sonnentag, S. (2007). Taking personal initiative and communicating about ideas: What is important for the creative process and for idea creativity? European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 16(4), 432–455. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320701514728
21) Climent, F. (2018). Ethical versus conventional banking: A case study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072152
22) De Bruin, L., Roberts-Lombard, M., & De Meyer-Heydenrych, C. (2021). Internal marketing, service quality and perceived customer satisfaction: An Islamic banking perspective. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 12(1), 199–224. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2019-0185
23) Dwi Saputro, A., Rois, A. K., & Bazi, U. Al. (2019). Heart Half Implementation Sharia Banking In Indonesia. Ikonomika, 3(2), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.24042/febi.v3i2.3258
24) Fatmawati, D., Ariffin, N. M., Abidin, N. H. Z., & Osman, A. Z. (2022). Shariah governance in Islamic banks: Practices, practitioners and praxis. Global Finance Journal, 51(July). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2020.100555
25) Garas, S. N., & Pierce, C. (2010). Shari’a supervision of Islamic financial institutions. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 18(4), 386–407. https://doi.org/10.1108/13581981011093695
26) Grassa, R. (2013). Shariah supervisory system in Islamic financial institutions: New issues and challenges: A comparative analysis between Southeast Asia models and GCC models. Humanomics, 29(4), 333–348. https://doi.org/10.1108/H-01-2013-0001
27) Hadi, M. (2022). Contribution of Mui-Dsn Fatwa on Operational Products of Mudharabah- Wadi ’ ah Bank Sharia Indonesia. Li Falah, 6(2), 59–76.
28) Handayani, N. S., Apriantoro, M. S., & Al-Husnayaini, M. (2023). The Strategic Role of DSN-MUI in Developing Islamic Economic Law. Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law, 7(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.21111/aliktisab.v7i1.9297
29) Haridan, N. M., Hassan, A. F. S., & Karbhari, Y. (2018). Governance, religious assurance and Islamic banks: Do Shariah boards effectively serve? Journal of Management and Governance, 22(4), 1015–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-018-9418-8
30) Hassan, M. K., & Aliyu, S. (2018). A contemporary survey of islamic banking literature. Journal of Financial Stability, 34, 12–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2017.11.006
31) Hoque, M. E., Kabir Hassan, M., Hashim, N. M. H. N., & Zaher, T. (2019). Factors affecting Islamic banking behavioral intention: the moderating effects of customer marketing practices and financial considerations. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 24(1), 44–58. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-019-00060-x
32) Ibrahim, A., & Salam, A. J. (2021). A comparative analysis of DSN-MUI fatwas regarding murabahah contract and the real context application (A study at Islamic Banking in Aceh). Samarah, 5(1), 372–401. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v5i1.8845
33) Ibrahim, W. H. W., & Ismail, A. G. (2015). Conventional bank and islamic banking as institutions: Similarities and differences. Humanomics, 31(3), 272–298. https://doi.org/10.1108/H-09-2013-0056
34) Imaniyati, N. S., Nu’man, A. H., & Jamilah, L. (2019). Analysis of the role and responsibility of Sharia supervisory board (DPS) on Sharia compliance supervision in Islamic banks in Indonesia. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 22(3), 1–12.
35) Johannessen, J. A., Olsen, B., & Olaisen, J. (1999). Aspects of innovation theory based on knowledge-management. International Journal of Information Management, 19(2), 121–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-4012(99)00004-3
36) Kaabachi, S., & Obeid, H. (2016). Determinants of Islamic banking adoption in Tunisia: empirical analysis. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 34(7), 1069–1091. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-02-2015-0020
37) Lestari, N. D., Lambey, L., Tumiwa, J., & Program, M. (2018). The Use of E-Money in State Owned Banks in Manado. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 6(4), 2448–2457.
38) Maulan, S., Omar, N. A., & Ahmad, M. (2016). Measuring halal brand association (HalBA) for Islamic banks. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 7(3), 331–354. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2014-0058
39) Menne, F., Surya, B., Yusuf, M., Suriani, S., Ruslan, M., & Iskandar, I. (2022). Optimizing the Financial Performance of SMEs Based on Sharia Economy: Perspective of Economic Business Sustainability and Open Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1), 18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010018
40) Muhammad, R., & Lanaula, R. (2019). Challenges of Islamic Supervisory in The Islamic Financial Technology Industry. Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 10(2), 311–338. https://doi.org/10.21580/economica.2019.10.2.3400
41) Mukhibad, H. (2019). The Role Of Sharia Supervisory Boards in Meeting Maqasid Syariah-Study on Islamic Banks in Indonesia. European Journal of Islamic Finance, 13(September 2017), 1–10.
42) Naser, K., & Moutinho, L. (1997). Strategic marketing management: The case of Islamic banks. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 15(6), 187–203. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652329710184424
43) Neifar, S., Salhi, B., & Jarboui, A. (2020). The moderating role of Shariah supervisory board on the relationship between board effectiveness, operational risk transparency and bank performance. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 36(3), 325–349. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-09-2019-0155
44) Nomran, N. M., Haron, R., & Hassan, R. (2018). Shari’ah supervisory board characteristics effects on Islamic banks’ performance: Evidence from Malaysia. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(2), 290–304. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-12-2016-0197
45) Nugraheni, P. (2018). Sharia supervisory board and social performance of Indonesian Islamic banks. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Auditing Indonesia, 22(2), 137–147.
46) Nugroho, E. R. (2021). Implementation Of Sharia-Compliance In Islamic Bank Product Innovations. Prophetic Law Review, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.20885/plr.vol3.iss2.art4
47) Parsa, M. (2022). Efficiency and stability of Islamic vs. conventional banking models: a meta frontier analysis. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 12(3), 849–869. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1803665
48) Putri, Y. S., Nasih, M., & Harymawan, I. (2020). Female directors, nationality diversity, and firm performance: Evidence from the mining industry in Indonesia. Increasing Management Relevance and Competitiveness. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351241892-74
49) Rank, J., Pace, V. L., & Frese, M. (2004). Three avenues for future research on creativity, innovation, and initiative. Applied Psychology, 53(4), 518–528. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00185.x
50) Rokhim, R., Adawiyah, W., & Faradynawati, I. A. A. (2018). Financial Consumer Protection in Indonesia: Towards Fair Treatment for All BT - An International Comparison of Financial Consumer Protection. In T.-J. Chen (Ed.) (pp. 201–224). Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8441-6_7
51) Rosalina, H., Zakiyah, F., Rahayu, A., Zam-zamiyah, F. T., Ismail, A. M., & Izharuddin, R. (2022). Sharia Supervisory Board Practices in Conducting Operational Supervision in Sharia Microfinance Institutions. ITQAN: Journal of Islamic Economics, Management, and Finance, 1(1), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.57053/itqan.v1i1.6
52) Saleh, M. A., Quazi, A., Keating, B., & Gaur, S. S. (2017). Quality and image of banking services: a comparative study of conventional and Islamic banks. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 35(6), 878–902. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-08-2016-0111
53) Salma Sairally, B. (2013). Evaluating the corporate social performance of Islamic financial institutions: an empirical study. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 6(3), 238–260. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-02-2013-0026
54) Saratian, Arief, Ramly, P., & ... (2022). Sharia Financial Inclusion As the Catalyst for the Sustainability of the Indonesian Msmes. Iccd, 4(1), 237–243. Retrieved from http://iccd.asia/ojs/index.php/iccd/article/view/471%0Ahttps://iccd.asia/ojs/index.php/iccd/article/download/471/409
55) Shadirah & Akmal Ihsan. (2022). Peran dan Tanggung Jawab Dewan Pengawas Syariah di Indonesia. IEB JOURNAL, Islamic Economics Bussiness Journal, 4(2), 1–19.
56) Sousa, F. C. de. (2012). Creativity, Innovation and Collaborative Organization. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 5(1), 1689–1699. Retrieved from https://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/rce/article/download/1659/1508%0Ahttp://hipatiapress.com/hpjournals/index.php/qre/article/view/1348%5Cnhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09500799708666915%5Cnhttps://mckinseyonsociety.com/downloads/reports/Educa
57) Tahmid, K., Zaki, M., & H, H. (2019). Implementation of DSN-MUI Fatwa In Handling of Sharia Economic Problems (A Case In Syariah Bank of Bandar Lampung). Al-’Adalah, 16(2), 263–286. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v16i2.3520
58) Ullah, S., Harwood, I. A., & Jamali, D. (2018). ‘Fatwa Repositioning’: The Hidden Struggle for Shari’a Compliance Within Islamic Financial Institutions. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(4), 895–917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3090-1
59) Wajdi Dusuki, A. (2008). Understanding the objectives of Islamic banking: a survey of stakeholders’ perspectives. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 1(2), 132–148. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538390810880982
60) Wijayanti, R., & Setiawan, D. (2022). Social Reporting by Islamic Banks: The Role of Sharia Supervisory Board and the Effect on Firm Performance. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(17), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710965
61) Woodhill, J. (2010). Capacities for institutional innovation: A complexity perspective. IDS Bulletin, 41(3), 47–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2010.00136.x
62) Yakin, I. A. (2021). The Developmen of Crearive Economy. Islamic Economy, 12(1), 41–60.
63) Zouari, G., & Abdelhedi, M. (2021). Customer satisfaction in the digital era: evidence from Islamic banking. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00151-x
64) Zulkifli, Z., Purwati, A. A., Renaldo, N., Hamzah, Z., & Hamzah, M. L. (2023). Employee performance of Sharia Bank in Indonesia: The mediation of organizational innovation and knowledge sharing. Cogent Business and Management, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2273609