The Effect of Work Motivation and Self-Directed Learning on Employee Performance With Work-Life Balance as an Intervening Variable (A Study On Employees Of PT. Propernas Griya Utama)
1Dyah Ayu Puspitasari, 2Reni Shinta Dewi, 3Bulan Prabawani
1,2,3Master of Business Administration Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.
https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i1-68ABSTRACT:
The role of employees as the backbone of a company has evolved into an asset rather than a financial burden. This research focuses on PT Propernas Griya Utama, which experienced a decline in performance during the COVID-19 pandemic despite implementing a work-from-home (WFH) policy. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of work motivation and self-directed learning on employee performance, with work-life balance as an intervening variable. Theoretically, this research is expected to contribute to the development of goal-setting theory. From a managerial perspective, the findings can assist PT Propernas Griya Utama in designing policies, providing motivation, and enhancing self-directed learning to improve work-life balance and employee performance. Socially, this research can serve as a reference for further investigations into factors influencing employee performance. The study utilizes an explanatory research approach with a focus on PT Propernas Griya Utama. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires, and structural analysis was performed using SEM-PLS. The results indicate that work motivation has the largest total effect on employee performance (0.488), followed by self-directed learning (0.436) and work-life balance (0.359). The findings confirm the positive and significant impact of work motivation and self-directed learning on employee performance. Work-life balance also plays a crucial role as a mediator, strengthening the influence of work motivation and self-directed learning on employee performance.
KEYWORDS:
Work Motivation, Self-Directed Learning, Work-Life Balance, Employee Performance, PT Propernas Griya Utama.
REFERENCES:
1) Abioro, Matthew, and Ashogbon Faderera. 2018. “Work Life Balance Practices and Employees Productivity in the.” Crawford Journal of Business and Social Sciences 8(2): 49–59.
2) Cheng, Su Fen, Chien Lin Kuo, Kuan Chia Lin, and Jane Lee-Hsieh. 2010. “Development and Preliminary Testing of a Self-Rating Instrument to Measure Self-Directed Learning Ability of Nursing Students.” International Journal of Nursing Studies 47(9): 1152–58.
3) Geng, Shuang, Kris M.Y. Law, and Ben Niu. 2019. “Investigating Self-Directed Learning and Technology Readiness in Blending Learning Environment.” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 16(1).
4) Greenhaus, Jeffrey H., Karen M. Collins, and Jason D. Shaw. 2003. “The Relation between Work-Family Balance and Quality of Life.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 63(3): 510–31.
5) Hasibuan. 2011. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Bumi Aksara.
6) Heslin, Peter A., Lauren A. Keating, and Susan J. Ashford. 2020. “How Being in Learning Mode May Enable a Sustainable Career across the Lifespan.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 117(4): 103324.
7) Hudson, Tim, and Nagarajan Ramamoorthy. 2009. “Real Learning Opportunities at Business School and Beyond.” Real Learning Opportunities at Business School and Beyond: 71–72.
8) Iqbal, Nasir, Muhammad Majid Khan, Yasir Tariq Mohmand, and Bahaudin G. Mujtaba. 2020. “The Impact of in-Service Training and Motivation on Job Performance of Technical & Vocational Education Teachers: Role of Person-Job Fit.” Public Organization Review 20(3): 529–48.
9) J. du Plessis, Andries, Nalinh Douangphichit, and Patrick Dodd. 2015. “HRM in Relation To Employee Motivation and Job Performance in the Hospitality Industry.” Journal of International Business Research and Marketing 1(4): 12–21.
10) Johari, Johanim, Fee Yean Tan, and Zati Iwani Tjik. 2013. “Autonomy, Workload, Work Life Balance and Job Performance Teachers.” International Journal of Educational Management 34(1): 1–5.
11) Johari, Johanim, Fee Yean Tan, and Zati Iwani Tjik Zulkarnain. 2018. “Autonomy, Workload, Work-Life Balance and Job Performance among Teachers.” International Journal of Educational Management 32(1): 107–20.
12) Kreitner, Robert, and Angelo Kinicki. 2014. Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
13) Locke, E. A., dan G. P. Latham. 1990. A Theory of Goal Setting & Task Performance. ed. Prentice Hall. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs.
14) Mangkunegara, Prabu. 2011. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya Offset.
15) McDonald, Paula, Kerry Brown, and Lisa Bradley. 2005. “Explanations for the Provision-Utilisation Gap in Work-Life Policy.” Women in Management Review 20(1): 37–55.
16) Mendis, M. D. V. S., and W. A. S. Weerakkody. 2018. “The Impact of Work Life Balance on Employee Performance with Reference to Telecommunication Industry in Sri Lanka: A Mediation Model.” Kelaniya Journal of Human Resource Management 12(1): 72.
17) Mindarti, Ceacilia Sri. 2016. “Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu Terhadap Kinerja Auditor.” Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 18(3): 59.
18) Pawirosumarto, Suharno, Purwanto Katijan Sarjana, and Rachmad Gunawan. 2017. “The Effect of Work Environment, Leadership Style, and Organizational Culture towards Job Satisfaction and Its Implication towards Employee Performance in Parador Hotels and Resorts, Indonesia.” International Journal of Law and Management 59(6): 1337–58.
19) Power, Joe, and Di Waddell. 2004. “The Link between Self-Managed Work Teams and Learning Organisations Using Performance Indicators.” The Learning Organization 11(3): 244–59.
20) Rita, Marcy et al. 2018. “Moderating Effect of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Effect of Organizational Commitment, Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Employee Performance.” International Journal of Law and Management 60(4): 953–64.
21) Robbins, Stephen. 2015. Perilaku Organisasi. Salemba Empat.
22) Robbins, Stephen P, and Timothy Judge. 2015. Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
23) Robescu, Ofelia, and Alina-Georgiana Iancu. 2016. “The Effects of Motivation on Employees Performance in Organizations.” Valahian Journal of Economic Studies 7(2): 49–56.
24) Russell, Graeme, and Lyndy Bowman. 2000. “Work and Family Current Thinking, Research and Practice.” (February): 58.
25) Sembel, Sinta Santi, Rita N Taroreh, Universitas Sam, and Ratulangi Manado. 2018. “Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial Dan Kompensasi Non Finansial Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Pt. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Area Manado.” Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi 6(4): 153–70.
26) Shahzadi, Irum et al. 2014. “Impact of Employee Motivation on Employee Performance.” European Journal of Business and ManagementOnline) 6(23): 2222–2839.
27) Siagian, Sondang P. 2015. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
28) Sunyoto, Danang. 2012. Teori, Kuesioner, Dan Analisis Data Sumber Daya Manusia (Praktik Penelitian).
29) Themba, S Orfyanny, and AsbiIl Amin. 2021. “JIMEA | Jurnal Ilmiah MEA ( Manajemen , Ekonomi , Dan Akuntansi ) UNSUR PENENTU PENINGKATAN KINERJA MANAJERIAL PT POS INDONESIA ( PERSERO ).” 5(April): 380–90.
30) Wang, Qian, Chang Xiong, and Jiajun Liu. 2021. “Does Culture or Self-Directed Learning Drive Online Performance?” International Journal of Educational Management.
31) Wheatley, Dan. 2012. “Work-Life Balance, Travel-to-Work, and the Dual Career Household.” Personnel Review 41(6): 813–31.
