Factors Influencing Women’s Involvement in Entrepreneurship: A Qualitative Study
Nguyen Thi Loan
PhD, Hong Duc University, No. 565 Quang Trung, Dong Ve, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam, Orcid ID: 0000-0002-2908-0193
https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v6-i1-21ABSTRACT:
Entrepreneurship plays a significant role in socio-economic growth of a country and is a major concern to both scholars and policy makers. Within entrepreneurial ecosystem, women entrepreneurs are also regarded as new growth engine of socio-economic development. Women historically have little access to traditional forms of business ventures. But these days, women’s entrepreneurship has been spoken everywhere in each part of the world. In relation to the phenomenon, it is necessary to identify the factors that motivate women into entrepreneurship. This study aims to explore the factors that influence women's participation in entrepreneurship activities. Using a qualitative method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 female entrepreneurs in Vietnam. The discussions addressed various factors affecting the involvement of these women in their business activities. Research results show that there are five factors affecting the active participation of informants in startup activities; (1) Family’s support, (2) Environmental Effect, (3) Increase the Income Level of the Family, (4) Family Heritage Business and Exposure, and (5) Self-Independence. The findings of this study can be used as an inspiration to increase the number of female entrepreneurs in Vietnam. In addition, it can also be used as a reference to motivate women to become entrepreneurs.
KEYWORDS:
Entrepreneurship, women, start-up activities.
REFERENCES:
1) Abbas, T., Abrar, M., Saleem, R., & Iqbal, A. (2016). What Leads to Success for Women Entrepreneurs? Aan Empirical Study of Southern Punjab in Pakistan. Academic Research International, 7(5), 120–130.
www.savap.org.pk%0Awww.journals.savap.org.pk
2) Alam, S. S., Senik, Z. C., & Jani, F. M. (2012). An Exploratory Study of Women Entrepreneurs in Malaysia: Motivation and Problems. Journal of Management Research, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v4i4.2377
3) Bates, T. (1990). Entrepreneur human capital inputs and small business longevity. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72(4), 551–559.
4) Carranza, E., Dhakal, C., & Love, I. (2018). Female Entrepreneurs: How and Why are They Different? In Other Papers (Issue 20).
5) Cuong, D. M. (2009). Discussing the concept of Vietnamese entrepreneurs. Science Journal of Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 25, 253–261.
6) Fairlie, R. W., & Robb, A. M. (2007). Why are black-owned businesses less successful than white-owned businesses? The role of families, inheritances, and business human capital. Journal of Labor Economics, 25(2), 289–323. https://doi.org/10.1086/510763
7) FakhrEldin, H. (2017). The relationship between the emotional intelligence of entrepreneurs and the new venture creation: The role of age, gender and motive. Arab Economic and Business Journal, 12(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aebj.2017.10.002
8) GSO. (2020). Surveys- Data.
9) Guled, N. S., & Kaplan, B. (2018). Factors influencing women entrepreneurs’business success in Somalia. Research in Business and Management, 5(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.5296/rbm.v5i1.12341
10) Hieu, L. Q., & Loan, N. T. (2022). Role of Entrepreneurial Competence, Entrepreneurial Education, Family Support and Entrepreneurship Policy in Forming Entrepreneurial Intention and Entrepreneurial Decision. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Science, 16(1), 204–221.
11) Hout, M., & Rosen, H. (2000). Self-employmnet, Family background, and Race. Journal of Human Resources, 35(4), 670–692. https://doi.org/10.2307/146367
12) International Finance Corporation (IFC). (2011). Strengthening access to finance for women-owned SMEs in developing countries (Issue October).
13) Ismail, N. N. H. M., Nasir, M. K. M., & Rahman, R. S. A. R. A. (2021). Factors That Influence Women to Be Involved in Entrepreneurship: A Case Study in Malaysia. Creative Education, 12(04), 837–847.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.124060
14) Kamunyu, C. W. (2017). Factors affecting growth of women owned small and medium enterprises in Kenya: A survey of women-led SMEs in South Coast Ukunda. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 19(3), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-1903046066
15) Kartini. M. R., & Haslina. C. Z. M., & N. M. (2015). Success Factors among Women Entrepreneurs in Malaysia. International Academic Research Journal of Business and Technology, 1(2).
16) Kumalasari, R. D., Lukiyanto, K., & Purnomo, A. (2020). External Factors Motivating Successful Women Entrepreneurs: A Study of Women Entrepreneurs Community in A Rural Area. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(1), 518–526. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/2064
17) Le, T. N., Le, Q. H., & Nguyen, T. L. (2022). Factors Affecting Business Performance of Women-Owned Small and MediumEnterprises in Vietnam: A Quantitative Study. Journal of Asian Finance Economics and Business, 9(7), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2022.vol9.no7.0123
18) Mishal, N., Rimsha, I., & Shoaib, A. C. (2019). Factors Affecting Growth of Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Pakistan Administrative Review, 3(1), 34–51. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-62901-0
19) Naser, K., Nuseibeh, R., & Al-Hussaini, A. (2012). Personal and external factors effect on women entrepreneurs: Evidence from Kuwait. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 17(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946712500082
20) Neneh, N. B. (2018). Family-Work Conflict and Performance of Women-Owned Enterprises: The Role of Social Capital in Developing Countries-Implications for South Africa and Beyond. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 19(6), 326–343.
21) Nor Hanim, A. @ M. N., Wan Ibrahim, W. A., Roslina, I., & Nor Hayati, S. (2020). Factors Influencing Women’s Involvement In Entrepreneurship In Malaysia. Journal of Business and Social Development, 8(1), 7–16.
22) Nyangarika, A. (2016). Impact of Networking on Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania. European Journal of Business and Management, 8(6).
file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/28670-31437-2-PB-3_2016_AnthonyNyangarika.pdf
23) Orhan, M., & Scott, D. (2001). Why women enter into entrepreneurship. Women in Management Review, 16(5), 232–243. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/09649420110395719
24) Overbeke, K. K., Bilimoria, D., & Somers, T. (2015). Shared vision between fathers and daughters in family businesses: the determining factor that transforms daughters into successors. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(May), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00625
25) Rahman, N. A. A., & Ramli, A. (2014). Entrepreneurship management, competitive advantage and firm performances in the craft industry: Concepts and framework. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 145, 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.06.019
26) Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2013). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (6th ed). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
27) Tien, T. Q., & Trang, P. T. Q. (2018). Gender diversity in Business leadership and Vietnamese firm performance. Conference: 2018 International Conference Proceedings: Women Entrepreneurs in the Industrial Revolution 4.0, 7292(November 2018).
28) Tinjauan, S., & Pinang, P. (2016). A Glimpse at Women Entrepreneurs in Penang. Akademika, 86(02), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.17576/akad-2016-8602-06