Village Funds and Resilience in Rural Areas: Evidence from Indonesia Post-Covid Pandemic
1Muhammad Kholisul Imam , 2Anas Tania Januari
1Lecturer, Accounting Department, State Polytechnic of Malang, Indonesia
2Lecturer, Islamic Education Management, STAI Ma’had Aly Al Hikam, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v5-i10-20ABSTRACT:
This research strives to prove whether village funds can effectively increase resilience in rural areas in the post-pandemic period, especially in alleviating rural poverty. There are two objectives in this study, namely: (i) to estimate the impact of village funds on poverty levels in rural areas; and (ii) to identify factors that influence growth. The Year 2021 is assumed to be the post-pandemic period because of improvement in economic growth. The analytical model applied in this research is three-stage least squares (3sls). This study has two endogenous variables: economic growth and poverty in rural areas. The results showed no effect of village funds on rural poverty. In addition, village funds have also not affected economic growth. The policy of refocusing the use of village funds in overcoming the covid pandemic is thought to be the most potent cause of the absence of village funds on poverty and economic growth.
KEY WORDS:
Pandemic Resilience, Rural Poverty, Three-stage Least Squares, Village Funds
REFERENCES:
1) Arham, M. A. and Payu, B. R. 2019. Village Fund Transfer and Rural Poverty in Indonesia. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 8(4), 324–334
2) Arsyad, M., Nuddin, A., Fahmid, I. M., Salman, D., Pulubuhu, D. A. T., Unde, A. A., Djufry, F., & Darwis. 2020. Agricultural development: poverty, conflict and strategic programs in country border. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science ,575(1), 012091.
3) Ash-shidiqq, E. A., & Wibisono, H. 2018. Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Dana Desa Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Korupsi Pengelolaan Dana Desa. Jurnal Hukum Unes.
4) BPS-Statistics Indonesia. 2022. Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2022. Badan Pusat Statistik Website
5) De Luca, C.; Tondelli, S.; Åberg, H.E. 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic effects in rural areas. J. Land Use Mobil. Environ. 119–132.
6) Doong, S. H., & Ho, S.-C. 2012. The impact of ICT development on the global digital divide. Electronic Commerece research and Application, 11, 518-533.
7) Ekananda, Mahyus. 2016. Analisis Ekonometrika Data Panel. Jakarta: Mitra Wacana Media.
8) Hadjidemetriou, G.M., Sasidharan, M., Kouyialis, G., Parlikad, A.K., 2020. The impact of government measures and human mobility trend on COVID-19 related deaths in the UK. Transp. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect. 6, 100167.
9) Handoyo, F., Hidayatina, A., & Purwanto, P. 2021. The Effect of Rural Development on Poverty Gap, Poverty Severity and Local Economic Growth in Indonesia. Jurnal Bina Praja: Journal of Home Affairs Governance, 13(3), 369-381.
10) Hermawan, A., Istiqomah, I., & Ahmad, A. A. 2019. The Effect of Village Funds on Rural Poverty: Empirical Evidence from Java Island. ICORE, 5(1).
11) Kakwani, N dan Son, HH. 2006. Pro-Poor Growth: The Asian Experience. UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER). Research Paper No. 2006/56.
12) Luki´c, T.; Pivac, T.; Solarevi´c, M.; Bleši´c, I.; Živkovi´c, J.; Penjiševi´c, I.; Goli´c, R.; Kalenjuk Pivarski, B.; Bubalo-Živkovi´c,M.; Pandži´c, A. 2022. Sustainability of Serbian Villages in COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions. Sustainability 14, 703.
13) Mueller J.T, McConnell Kathryn, Burow Paul B, Pofahl Katie, Merdjanoff Alexis A, Farrell Justin. 2021. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural America. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 118.
14) Nugroho, C., Pertiwi, V., & Meitasari, D. 2020. Improving the Competitive Advantage of BUMDes Based on The Optimal Utilization of Local Assets Communities. HABITAT, 31(3), 161–168.
15) Paellorisky, M., & Solikin, A. 2019. Village Fund Reform: A Proposal for More Equitable Allocation Formula. Jurnal Bina Praja, 11(1), 1–13.
16) Putra, H. S. 2017. The Linkage of Intergovernmental Transfer and Poverty in Indonesia. Jurnal Bina Praja: Journal of Home Affairs Governance, 9(1), 29–40.
17) Ramly, A. R., Wahyuddin, W., Mursyida, J., & Mawardati, M. 2018. The Implementation of Village Fund Policy in Improving Economy of Village Society. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 6(3), 459–478.
18) Sara, I. M., Jayawarsa, A. A. K., & Saputra, K. A. K. 2021. Rural Assets Administration and Establishment of Village-Owned Enterprises for the Enhancement of Rural Economy. Jurnal Bina Praja, 13(1), 81–91.
19) Oktavia, Rina. 2020. Village Fund and Poverty Alleviation in Kulon Progo Regency. Jurnal Kebijakan dan Administrasi Publik 24 (1): 79 – 94.
20) Olsson, Ola. 2013. Essentials of advanced macroeconomic theory, Essentials of Advanced Macroeconomic Theory. doi: 10.4324/9780203139936.
21) Saha, J., Barman, B., Chouhan, P. 2020. Lockdown for COVID-19 and its impact on community mobility in India: an analysis of the COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. Child Youth Serv. Rev. 116, 105160.
22) Saragi, N. B., Muluk, M. R. K., & Sentanu, I. G. E. P. S. 2021. Indonesia’s Village Fund Program: Does It Contribute to Poverty Reduction? Jurnal Bina Praja, 13(1), 65–80.
23) Sharifi, Ayyoob. and Khavarian-Garmsir, Amir R. 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts on cities and major lessons for urban planning, design, and management. Science of the Total Environment 749 (142391): 1 – 14.
24) Shehu, H. 2018. Rural Development, Inclusive Growth and Poverty Alleviation: Nigerian and Indian Perspectives. European Journal of Social Sciences Studies, 3(3), 263–285.
25) Suryahadi Asep, Izzati Ridho A., dan Suryadarma Daniel. 2020. ‘The Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Poverty: An Estimation for Indonesia’. SMERU Working Paper, The SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta.
26) Warsito, B. R., & Maerani, I. A. 2018. The Cause Of Corruption Crime On Village Funds And Investigations Process In The Purworejo. Jurnal Daulat Hukum, 1(3), 635–642.
27) Yekini, N. A., Rufai, M. M., Adetoba, B. T., Akinwole, A. K., & Ojo, O. 2012. Ict "Tools" for Poverty Eradication and Economic Growth in Nigeria. Greener Journal of Educational Research, 2 (1), 13-19.
28) Zaman, K., Khan, M. M., & Ahmad, M. 2011. Estimating the Impact of Information Technology on Poverty Reduction in Pakistan. Journal of Information Technology Impact, 11 (1), 59-70.